2021
Stone, Taylor
Design for values and the city Journal Article
In: Journal of Responsible Innovation, vol. 8, iss. 3, pp. 364-381, 2021.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: design for values, philosophy of the city, responsible innovation, smart cities, urban innovation, urban technology, value sensitive design
@article{nokey,
title = {Design for values and the city},
author = {Taylor Stone},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/23299460.2021.1909813},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-21},
urldate = {2021-04-21},
journal = {Journal of Responsible Innovation},
volume = {8},
issue = {3},
pages = {364-381},
abstract = {This paper undertakes a critical and constructive investigation into the applicability of value sensitive design (VSD) and design for values (DfV) methodologies for urban technologies, as a means to envision and enact responsible urban innovations. In particular, this paper focuses on the identification and analysis of values in urban technologies. First, an important methodological critique is highlighted, namely the vague articulation of ‘values' in VSD and DfV discourse. Next, cities are characterized as open, dynamic, and evolving systems, with ‘urban technologies’ as co-shapers of this process. This highlights the unique conditions requiring attention in order to arrive at a robust understanding of the relationship between values and urban technologies. Finally, these insights are combined to propose and sketch six heuristic principles aimed at surfacing and analysing values in urban technologies, offering a refinement of value-sensitive methodologies for the context of urban technological innovation.},
keywords = {design for values, philosophy of the city, responsible innovation, smart cities, urban innovation, urban technology, value sensitive design},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper undertakes a critical and constructive investigation into the applicability of value sensitive design (VSD) and design for values (DfV) methodologies for urban technologies, as a means to envision and enact responsible urban innovations. In particular, this paper focuses on the identification and analysis of values in urban technologies. First, an important methodological critique is highlighted, namely the vague articulation of ‘values' in VSD and DfV discourse. Next, cities are characterized as open, dynamic, and evolving systems, with ‘urban technologies’ as co-shapers of this process. This highlights the unique conditions requiring attention in order to arrive at a robust understanding of the relationship between values and urban technologies. Finally, these insights are combined to propose and sketch six heuristic principles aimed at surfacing and analysing values in urban technologies, offering a refinement of value-sensitive methodologies for the context of urban technological innovation.
2018
Bennati, Stefano; Dusparic, Ivana; Shinde, Rhythima; Jonker, Catholijn M
Volunteers in the Smart City: Comparison of Contribution Strategies on Human-Centered Measures Journal Article
In: Sensors, vol. 18, no. 11, 2018, ISSN: 1424-8220.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: artificial intelligence, big data, fairness, participatory sensing, privacy, public good, smart cities, value:justice
@article{s18113707,
title = {Volunteers in the Smart City: Comparison of Contribution Strategies on Human-Centered Measures},
author = {Stefano Bennati and Ivana Dusparic and Rhythima Shinde and Catholijn M Jonker},
url = {http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/11/3707},
doi = {10.3390/s18113707},
issn = {1424-8220},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-01},
urldate = {2018-01-01},
journal = {Sensors},
volume = {18},
number = {11},
abstract = {Provision of smart city services often relies on users contribution, e.g., of data, which can be costly for the users in terms of privacy. Privacy risks, as well as unfair distribution of benefits to the users, should be minimized as they undermine user participation, which is crucial for the success of smart city applications. This paper investigates privacy, fairness, and social welfare in smart city applications by means of computer simulations grounded on real-world data, i.e., smart meter readings and participatory sensing. We generalize the use of public good theory as a model for resource management in smart city applications, by proposing a design principle that is applicable across application scenarios, where provision of a service depends on user contributions. We verify its applicability by showing its implementation in two scenarios: smart grid and traffic congestion information system. Following this design principle, we evaluate different classes of algorithms for resource management, with respect to human-centered measures, i.e., privacy, fairness and social welfare, and identify algorithm-specific trade-offs that are scenario independent. These results could be of interest to smart city application designers to choose a suitable algorithm given a scenario-specific set of requirements, and to users to choose a service based on an algorithm that matches their privacy preferences.},
keywords = {artificial intelligence, big data, fairness, participatory sensing, privacy, public good, smart cities, value:justice},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Provision of smart city services often relies on users contribution, e.g., of data, which can be costly for the users in terms of privacy. Privacy risks, as well as unfair distribution of benefits to the users, should be minimized as they undermine user participation, which is crucial for the success of smart city applications. This paper investigates privacy, fairness, and social welfare in smart city applications by means of computer simulations grounded on real-world data, i.e., smart meter readings and participatory sensing. We generalize the use of public good theory as a model for resource management in smart city applications, by proposing a design principle that is applicable across application scenarios, where provision of a service depends on user contributions. We verify its applicability by showing its implementation in two scenarios: smart grid and traffic congestion information system. Following this design principle, we evaluate different classes of algorithms for resource management, with respect to human-centered measures, i.e., privacy, fairness and social welfare, and identify algorithm-specific trade-offs that are scenario independent. These results could be of interest to smart city application designers to choose a suitable algorithm given a scenario-specific set of requirements, and to users to choose a service based on an algorithm that matches their privacy preferences.